Disolution and Dispersion process of Solid Flame Retardants mu Polyurethane AB Adhesive System

Disolution and Dispersion process of Solid Flame Retardants mu Polyurethane AB Adhesive System

Pakusungunuka/kubalalika kwa zotchingira moto zolimba monga aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, ndi melamine cyanurate (MCA) mu zomatira za polyurethane AB, masitepe ofunikira amaphatikiza kuwongolera, kubalalitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuwongolera chinyezi. M'munsimu muli ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane (yapamwamba kwambiri yamoto-retardant formulations; zina zikhoza kusinthidwa moyenera).

I. Mfundo Zazikulu

1. “Kusungunuka” ndiko kubalalitsidwa kwenikweni: Zoletsa moto zolimba ziyenera kumwaziridwa mofanana mu polyol (A-chigawo) kupanga kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika.
2. Kusamalira zoletsa moto: Yang'anani zovuta za kuyamwa kwa chinyezi, kuphatikiza, komanso kuyambiranso ndi isocyanates.
3. Stepwise Kuwonjezera: Onjezani zipangizo mu dongosolo la kachulukidwe ndi tinthu kukula kupewa m'dera mkulu woipa.
4. Kuwongolera chinyezi: Madzi amadya isocyanate (-NCO) mu gawo la B, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asachiritsidwe bwino.

II. Tsatanetsatane wa Kachitidwe Kachitidwe (Kutengera magawo 100 a polyol mu gawo la A)

Khwerero 1: Kukonzekera Kwambiri kwa Flame Retardant (maola 24 pasadakhale)

• Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP, magawo 10):
  • zokutira pamwamba ndi silane coupling agent (KH-550) kapena titanate coupling agent (NDZ-201):
    • Sakanizani 0,5 mbali lumikiza wothandizira + 2 mbali anhydrous Mowa, akuyambitsa 10 min kwa hydrolysis.
    • Onjezani ufa wa AHP ndikuyambitsanso mwachangu (1000 rpm) kwa mphindi 20.
    • Yanikani mu uvuni pa 80 ° C kwa maola 2, kenako sungani osindikizidwa.
• Aluminiyamu Hydrooxide (ATH, magawo 25):
  • Gwiritsani ntchito submicron-size, silane-modified ATH (mwachitsanzo, Wandu WD-WF-20). Ngati sichinasinthidwe, chitani chimodzimodzi ndi AHP.
• MCA (6 magawo) & Zinc Borate (4 magawo):
  • Yanikani pa 60 ° C kwa maola 4 kuti muchotse chinyezi, kenaka sungani pawindo la 300-mesh.

Gawo 2: A-Chigawo (Polyol Mbali) Dispersion Njira

1. Kusakaniza koyambira:
   • Onjezani magawo 100 a polyol (mwachitsanzo, polyether polyol PPG) mu chidebe chouma.
   • Onjezani magawo 0,3 a polyether-modified polysiloxane leveling agent (mwachitsanzo, BYK-333).
2. Low-Speed ​​Pre-Dispersion:
   • Onjezani zoletsa moto motsatana: ATH (magawo 25) → AHP (magawo 10) → zinki borate (magawo 4) → MCA (magawo 6).
   • Onetsetsani pa 300-500 rpm kwa mphindi 10 mpaka palibe ufa wouma utsalira.
3. Kubalalika Kwambiri:
   • Sinthani ku chowotcha chothamanga kwambiri (≥1500 rpm) kwa mphindi 30.
   • Kuwongolera kutentha ≤50 ° C (kuteteza polyol oxidation).
4. Kupera & Kukonza (Zovuta!):
   • Dulani pa mphero ya katatu kapena mphero yamchenga 2-3 nthawi mpaka fineness ≤30μm (kuyesedwa ndi Hegman gauge).
5. Kusintha kwa Viscosity & Defoaming:
   • Onjezani magawo 0,5 a hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil R202) kuti mupewe kukhazikika.
   • Onjezani magawo 0,2 a silicone defoamer (mwachitsanzo, Tego Airex 900).
   • Onetsetsani pa 200 rpm kwa mphindi 15 kuti muwotche.

Khwerero 3: Chithandizo cha B-Component (Isocyanate Side).

• Onjezani magawo 4-6 a molecular sieve (mwachitsanzo, Zeochem 3A) ku gawo la B (mwachitsanzo, MDI prepolymer) kuti mutenge chinyezi.
• Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito zotsalira zamoto za phosphorous (njira yotsika kachulukidwe), sakanizani mwachindunji mu gawo la B ndikuyambitsa kwa mphindi 10.

Khwerero 4: Kusakaniza ndi Kuchiritsa kwa AB Component

• Kusakaniza chiŵerengero: Tsatirani mapangidwe oyambirira a zomatira a AB (mwachitsanzo, A:B = 100:50).
• Kusakaniza ndondomeko:
  • Gwiritsani ntchito chosakaniza chapawiri-gawo la mapulaneti kapena chubu chosakaniza cha static.
  • Sakanizani kwa mphindi 2-3 mpaka yunifolomu (palibe zingwe).
• Zochizira:
  • Kuchiza kutentha m'chipinda: maola 24 (kuwonjezedwa ndi 30% chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa kutentha koletsa moto).
  • Kuchiritsa kofulumira: 60°C/2 hours (tsimikizirani zotsatira zopanda kuwira).

III. Mfundo Zowongolera Njira Yofunikira

IV. Njira Zina Zobalalitsira (Popanda Zida Zogaya)

1. Kukonzekera Mpira:
   • Sakanizani zoletsa moto ndi polyol pa chiŵerengero cha 1: 1, mphero kwa maola 4 (mipira ya zirconia, kukula kwa 2mm).
2. Njira ya Masterbatch:
   • Konzani 50% flame retardant masterbatch (polyol ngati chonyamulira), ndiye chepetsani musanagwiritse ntchito.
3. Akupanga kubalalitsidwa:
   • Ikani ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, 10 min) kuti premixed slurry (oyenera ang'onoang'ono magulu).

V. Malangizo Othandizira

1. Kuyesa kwapang'ono koyamba: Yesani ndi 100g ya gawo la A, kuyang'ana pa kukhazikika kwa viscosity (kusintha kwa 24h <10%) ndi liwiro lakuchiritsa.
2. Lamulo lowonjezera la Flame retardant:
   • “Cholemera choyamba, chopepuka pambuyo pake; chabwino, choyamba, cholimba pambuyo pake” → ATH (cholemera) → AHP (chabwino) → zinki borate (chapakati) → MCA (chowala/chosa).
3. Kuthetsa mavuto mwadzidzidzi:
   • Kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kukhuthala: Onjezani 0.5% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) kuti muchepetse.
   • Kuchiza kosauka: Onjezani 5% yosinthidwa MDI (mwachitsanzo, Wanhua PM-200) ku gawo la B.